• In 2019 we launched Project Zero, leveraging the combined strengths of Amazon and brands to drive counterfeits to zero. Powered by Amazon’s machine learning, Project Zero includes automated protections to continuously scan our stores and proactively remove suspected counterfeits, and product serialization which allows individual scans to confirm the authenticity of every one of a brand’s products. Brands also have the unprecedented ability remove counterfeit listings from our stores using our self-service tool.

• In 2019 we expanded Transparency to Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and India in addition to our existing availability in the U.S. Transparency is a product serialization service that helps identify individual units and proactively prevent counterfeits from reaching customers. Transparency enables brands to assign a secure, unique, alphanumeric code to every product unit manufactured. This information is then used to authenticate every unit before the unit is shipped to customers.

• In 2019 we launched IP Accelerator to help emerging brands obtain trade marks and IP protection from the earliest stages of their product lifecycles. Entrepreneurs often do not prioritize IP protection while developing products, and may not know where to turn when they need help protecting their IP. IP Accelerator connects brands with a curated network of trusted IP law firms to help them more quickly obtain IP rights at economical, pre-negotiated rates. Once trade mark applications are filed through IP Accelerator, we provide brands access to protections and brand-building features in Amazon’s stores. These protections help to protect and grow their brand months, or even years, before their trade mark registration officially issues.

We continue to work with government agencies and law enforcement worldwide to hold criminals accountable, and have worked with brands to litigate directly against bad actors.

• We regularly engage and collaborate with a number of industry groups, including the Alliance for Creativity and Entertainment (ACE), Union des Fabricants (UNIFAB), the Motion Picture Association (MPA), the Automotive Anti-Counterfeiting Council (A2C2), and the International Anti-Counterfeiting Coalition (IACC).

• We signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the International Anti-Counterfeiting Coalition (IACC), an industry organization that builds bridges between industries to protect IP rights. Together, we continue to work with member brands to assess potential infringement and help drive enforcement against bad actors. As a result of this collaboration, we have launched a program to identify opportunities for improvement and educate brands on our notice and takedown processes.

• In Europe, we joined a number of global consumer brands in a Memorandum of Understanding to share information that will help us collectively protect customers from counterfeit. According to the EU Commission, 95.5% of listings removed by the collective marketplace signatories were done through proactive measures, and Amazon ranked significantly higher than the aggregate in its ratio of proactive to reactive removals.